Part–I Universe and solar system
1. On which of the following planets water cycle is available ?
(a) Jupiter (b) Earth
(c) Mars (d) Venus
Ans: (b)
2. The asteroids revolve round the Sun in between :
(a) Earth and Mars
(b) Mars and Jupiter
(c) Jupiter and Saturn
(d) Saturn and Uranus )
Ans: (b)
3. Which of the following is called the twin of the earth ?
(a) Neptune (b) Venus
(c) Mars (d) Saturn
Ans: (b)
4. Which amidst the following planets has its orbit closest to Sun ?
(a) Venus (b) Mars
(c) Jupiter (d) Uranus
Ans: (a)
5. The light from the Sun reaches the Earth in about—
(a) 8 seconds (b) 8 minutes
(c) 10 seconds (d) 10 minutes
Ans: (b)
6. The surface temperature of the sun is estimated as
(a) 6000 °C (b) 12000 °C
(c) 18000 °C (d) 24000 °C
Ans: (a)
7. Which one of the following planets has no moon?
(a) Mars (b) Neptune
(c) Mercury (d) Pluto
Ans: (c)
8. Which one of the following is called a red planet ?
(a) Venus (b) Mercury
(c) Mars (d) Jupiter
Ans: (c)
9. Brightest planet in our solar system is
(a) Venus (b) Mercury
(c) Mars (d) Jupiter
Ans: (a)
10. The Milky Way Galaxy was first observed by
(a) Galileo
(b) Maarten Schmidt
(c) Marconi
(d) Newton
Ans: (a)
11. Which of the following statements is correct ?
(a) Pluto is not a Planet now
(b) Pluto was discoverd by Clyde Tombaugh in 1930
(c) Pluto has been given the number 134340
(d) All of the above
Ans: (d)
12. Which is the hottest planet in the Solar System ?
(a) Jupiter (b) Saturn
(c) Venus (d) Uranus
Ans: (c)
13. The largest planet in our solar system is
(a) Mars (b) Jupiter
(c) Saturn (d) Mercury
Ans: (b)
14. The four largest planets of the Solar System in decreasing size are
(a) Jupiter, Mercury, Saturn and Uranus
(b) Mercury, Jupiter, Saturn and Neptune
(c) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
(d) Jupiter, Mercury, Saturn and Neptune
Ans: (c)
15. The number of staellites of the planet is Mercury is
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 16
Ans: (a)
16. Which of the following does not belong to the solar system?
(a) Asteroids (b) Comets
(c) Planets (d) Nebulae
Ans: (d)
17. Which is the coldest among the following ?
(a) Mars (b) Earth
(c) Pluto (d) Mercury
Ans: (c)
18. The moon is showing its same face to the earth because
(a) It is not rotating about its own axis
(b) Its rotation and revolution are opposite
(c) Its periods of rotation and revolution are the same
(d) Its rotation is faster than its revolution
Ans: (c)
19. Among the following, the celestial body farthest from the Earth is
(a) Saturn (b) Uranus
(c) Neptune (d) Pluto
Ans: (c)
20. Pulsars are
(a) stars moving towards the Earth
(b) stars moving away from Earth
(c) rapidly spinning stars
(d) high temperature stars
Ans: (c)
21. Biggest planet of solar system is
(a) Earth (b) Mars
(c) Saturn (d) Jupiter
Ans: (d)
22. Which is the second nearest star to the Earth after the Sun?
(a) Vega
(b) Sirius
(c) Proxima Centauri
(d) Alpha Centauri
Ans: (c)
23. The outermost layer of the Sun is called
(a) Chromosphere
(b) Photosphere
(c) Corona
(d) Lithosphere
Ans: (c)
24. Which planet is called evening star?
(a) Mars (b) Mercury
(c) Venus (d) Jupiter
Ans: (c)
25. The planet revolving east to west is
(a) Venus (b) Uranus
(c) Neptune (d) Pluto
Ans: (a)
26. The planet emitting green light is
(a) Jupiter (b) Venus
(c) Uranus (d) Neptune
Ans: (c)
27. The number of zodiacs is
(a) 10 (b) 12
(c) 13 (d) 11
Ans: (b)
28. Which of the following is known as the Morning Star?
(a) Saturn (b) Jupiter
(c) Mars (d) Venus
Ans: (d)
29. Which planet orbits closest to the earth?
(a) Mars (b) Jupiter
(c) Venus (d) Mercury
Ans: (c)
30. Solar energy is received by the earth through
(a) conduction (b) radiation
(c) convection (d) refraction
Ans: (b)
31. The planets on either side of the Earth are
(a) Mars and Jupiter
(b) Mercury and Venus
(c) Venus and Saturn
(d) Mars and Venus
Ans: (d)
32. Which planet looks reddish in the night sky ?
(a) Jupiter (b) Saturn
(c) Mars (d) Mercury
Ans: (c)
33. Isohels are the isopleths of
(a) sunshine
(b) flowering time
(c) rain (d) clouds
Ans: (a)
34. Which one of the following is the largest planet ?
(a) Jupiter (b) Venus
(c) Saturn (d) Uranus
Ans: (a)
35. The mass of Jupiter is approximately
(a) one tenth of the solar mass
(b) one thousandth of the solar mass
(c) one hundredth of the solar mass
(d) half the solar mass
Ans: (b)
36. The planet nearest to the Sun is :
(a) Earth (b) Mercury
(c) Mars (d) Venus
Ans: (b)
37. The planet that takes 88 days to make one revolution of the sun is :
(a) Mercury (b) Saturn
(c) Jupiter (d) Mars
Ans: (a)
38. ‘Super nova’ is
(a) a comet
(b) an asteroid
(c) an exploding Star
(d) a black hole
Ans: (c)
39. Which planet in our solar system is nearly as big as the earth ?
(a) Mercury (b) Mars
(c) Venus (d) Pluto
Ans: (c)
40. Which of the following is called “Blue Planet” ?
(a) Saturn (b) Earth
(c) Jupiter (d) Mars
Ans: (b)
41. Which planet in our solar system is nearly as big as the earth ?
(a) Mercury (b) Mars
(c) Venus (d) Pluto
Ans: (c)
42. Which planets do not have satellites revolving around them ?
(a) Mars and Venus
(b) Mercury and Venus
(c) Mars and Mercury
(d) Neptune and Pluto
Ans: (b)
43. The planet which has the highest surface temperature is
(a) Jupiter (b) Earth
(c) Pluto (d) Venus
Ans: (d)
44. Light from the Sun reaches us in nearly
(a) 8 min (b) 2 min
(c) 6 min (d) 4 min
Ans: (a)
45. A spinning neutron star is known as
(a) White dwarf (b) Black hole
(c) Pulsar (d)Quasar
Ans: (c)
46. When the moon completely covers the sun, it is known as
(a) the Antumbra
(b) the Umbra
(c) the Penumbra
(d) None of these
Ans: (b)
47. The darkest portion of the shadow cast during an eclipse is
(a) Corona (b) Umbra
(c) Penumbra (d) Black hole
Ans: (b)
48. The total number of planets revolving around the sun is
(a) Five (b) Eight
(c) Seven (d) Six
Ans: (b)
49. In a solar or lunar eclipse, the region of earth’s shadow is divided into
(a) Five parts (b) Four parts
(c) Two parts (d) Three parts
Ans: (d)
50. Day and Night are equal at the:
(a) Prime Meridian
(b) Antarctic
(c) Poles
(d) Eqator
Ans: (d)
51. Name the first Asian country to Orbit Mars.
(a) Japan (b) Pakistan
(c) China (d) India
Ans: (d)
52. Which of the following Scientist proved that the path of each planet around the Sun is elliptical?
(a) Kepler (b) Galileo
(c) Newton (d) Copernicus
Ans: (a)
53. Which of the following is an alternative theory to the Big Bang theory developed in 1948, stating that the universe does not change even though it is expanding over time ?
(a) Oscillating Universe
(b) Steady State Universe
(c) Mirror Universe
(d) Eternal Inflation
Ans: (b)
54. The constellation ‘Sapta Rishi’ is known to Westerners as the
(a) Seven Monks
(b) Alpha Centauri
(c) Big Dipper
(d) Small Bear
Ans: (c)
55. Which of these is a dwarf planet?
(a) Neptune (b) Titan
(c) Eris (d) Hydra
Ans: (c)
56. Stars twinkle but planets do not twinkle because
(a) they emit light of a constant intensity
(b) their distance from the earth does not change with time
(c) they are very far away from the earth resulting in decrease in intensity of light
(d) they are nearer to the earth and hence we receive a greater amount of light and therefore minor variations in intensity are not noticeable
Ans: (d)
57. The outermost layer of sun is called
(a) Lithosphere
(b) Chromosphere
(c) Photosphere
(d) Corona
Ans: (d)
58. On which date is India likely to experience the shortest day?
(a) December 22
(b) March 21
(c) June 22
(d) September 23
Ans: (a)
59. When does solar eclipse take place ?
(a) When the sun is between the moon and earth
(b) When the earth is between the moon and sun
(c) When the moon is between the sun and earth
(d) When the moon does not lie on the line joining the sun and earth
Ans: (c)
60. When does the sun shine vertically on the Equator ?
(a) Throughout the year
(b) For six months
(c) Twice a year
(d) Once a year
Ans: (c)
61. If a star is bigger than Sun, but not more than twice as big, it will turn into a _______.
(a) Pulsar (b) Maxima
(c) Avenger (d) Discover
Ans: (a)
Part–II Geomorphology
62. Which among the following statements is true regarding International Date line ?
(a) It is 180° Longitude
(b) It is a straight line
(c) It is a big circle
(d) It is a curved line beyond earth
Ans: (a)
63. The sunlight is available 24 hours on the longest day at which of the following latitudes of the earth ?
(a) 49° (b) 66½°
(c) 63° (d) 69°51′
Ans: (b)
64. The Grand Canyon is located on the :
(a) Colorado River
(b) Rhine River
(c) Tapi River
(d) Niger River
Ans: (a)
65. Extensive deserts occur in the western tropical regions of continents because :
(a) of easterly trade winds.
(b) cold ocean currents flow along the western coasts.
(c) of the effect of both the offshore easterly trade winds and cold ocean currents.
(d) the rate of evaporation is greater along the western margin areas.
Ans: (c)
66. The deposits of the ancient Tethys Sea were folded to form the :
(a) Himalayas (b) Rockies
(c) Andes (d) Alps
Ans: (a)
67. Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines?
(a) Splash (b) Sheet
(c) Rill (d) Gully
Ans: (d)
68. The west to east extension of the Himalayas is from
(a) Indus gorge to Dihang gorge
(b) K2 to Chomoihari
(c) Nanga Parbat to Namcha Barwa
(d) Rakaposhi to Lohit river
Ans: (a)
69. Most of the devastating earthquakes are usually caused by
(a) Eustatic movement
(b) Isostatic adjustment
(c) Collision of earth plates
(d) Volcanic eruption
Ans: (c)
70. Which one of the following is the greatest circle ?
(a) Arctic Circle
(b) Equator
(c) Tropic of Cancer
(d) Tropic of Capricorn
Ans: (b)
71. Hanging Valley is formed due to the action of
(a) Glacier (b) River
(c) Ocean (d) Wind
Ans: (a)
72. Mushroom Rocks are the typical land forms seen in
(a) River Valleys
(b) Mountain tops
(c) Coastal areas
(d) Deserts
Ans: (d)
73. Basaltic lava is found in the
(a) Deccan Trap
(b) Himalayas
(c) Indo-Gangetic Plain
(d) North-Eastern Hills
Ans: (a)
74. Which one of the following types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines ?
(a) Splash (b) Sheet
(c) Rill (d) Gully
Ans: (d)
75. Consider the following geological phenomena :
I. Development of a fault
II. Movement along a fault
III. Impact produced by a volcanic eruption
IV. Folding of rocks Which of the above causes earthquakes ?
(a) I, II and III (b) II and IV
(c) I, III and IV (d) I to IV
Ans: (a)
76. Shale is metamorphosed into which of the following rocks?
(a) Graphite (b) Gneiss
(c) Marble (d) Slate
Ans: (d)
77. Where are the hot deserts generally found ?
(a) On the eastern margins of the Tropics
(b) On the western margins of the Tropics
(c) Nearer the Equator
(d) In the middle of the Continents
Ans: (b)
78. Why are winters more severe in Southern Hemisphere than in Northern Hemisphere?
(a) Earth is titled towards the sun in the Northern Hemisphere
(b) Northern Hemisphere receives more sunlight
(c) Because of more iceberg activity in Southern Hemisphere
(d) Southern Hemisphere is less inhabited
Ans: (a)
79. Marble is the metamorphosed form of
(a) Shale (b) Basalt
(c) Sandstone (d) Limestone
Ans: (d)
80. The highest mountain peak of the Himalayas is situated in—
(a) India (b) Tibet
(c) Nepal (d) China
Ans: (c)
81. Metamorphic rocks originate from—
(a) igneous rocks
(b) sedimentary rocks
(c) both igneous and sedimentary rocks
(d) None of these
Ans: (c)
82. The term ‘epicentre’ is associated with—
(a) earthquake (b) folding
(c) faulting (d) earth’s interior
Ans: (a)
83. The Earth rotates on its axis at an inclination of
(a) 23 1 2 °(b) 22 1 2 °
(c) 21 1 2 °(d) 20°
Ans: (a)
84. Dolomite is a/an
(a) Sedimentary rock
(b) Plutonic rock
(c) Igneous rock
(d) Metamorphic rock
Ans: (a)
85. A geyser is a spring which
(a) throws water continuously
(b) throws water intermittently
(c) throws water and steam at regular intervals
(d) throws only steam
Ans: (c)
86. Which one of the following is igneous rock ?
(a) Limestone (b) Granite
(c) Marble (d) Slate
Ans: (b)
87. How many minutes for each degree of longitude does the local time of any place vary from the Greenwich time ?
(a) Two minutes
(b) Four minutes
(c) Six minutes
(d) Eight minutes
Ans: (b)
88. The tropical grassland is called
(a) Pampas (b) Llanas
(c) Savanah (d) Veld
Ans: (c)
89. The topography of plateau is ideal for
(a) cultivation (b) forestry
(c) mining
(d) generation of hydro power
Ans: (d)
90. Which of the following statements is correct ?
(a) Lava and magma both have gas
(b) Neither the lava nor the magma has gas
(c) Magma has gas while lava has no gas
(d) Lava has gas while magma has no gas
Ans: (a)
91. Which one of the following is the example of sedimentary rocks ?
(a) Loess (b) Basalt
(c) Granite (d) Gabbro
Ans: (a)
92. Mica is found in which one of the following pairs of rocks ?
(a) Slate- Sandstone
(b) Schist-Gneiss
(c) Limestone-Sandstone
(d) Shale- Limestone
Ans: (b)
93. The Mohorovicic (Moho) Discontinuity separates
(a) Outer core and Mantle
(b) Inner and Outer core
(c) Sima and Nife
(d) Crust and Mantle
Ans: (d)
94. Suppose if we measure the time lapse between the two Sunsets by sitting in the beach, from this we can estimate
(a) The distance between the sun and the earth
(b) The depth of the ocean
(c) The radius of the earth
(d) The radius of the sun
Ans: (c)
95. What is the International Date Line ?
(a) It is the equator
(b) It is the 0° longitude
(c) It is the 90° east longitude
(d) It is the 180° longitude
Ans: (d)
96. Earthquake is caused by
(a) disturbance of earth surface
(b) adjustment of layers of earth’s crust
(c) breakage of rock system
(d) upliftment of rocks
Ans: (a)
97. The highest grade and best quality coal is
(a) Lignite (b) Peat
(c) Bituminous (d) Anthracite
Ans: (d)
98. River erosion is at its greatest where river’s
(a) depth is more
(b) breadth is more
(c) flow is fast
(d) gradient is more
Ans: (c)
99. In which of the following is the Great Barrier Reef located ?
(a) Coral Sea
(b) Solomon Sea
(c) Bismarck Sea
(d) Arafura Sea
Ans: (a)
100. The term ‘epicentre’ is associated with
(a) Earthquakes (b) Volcanoes
(c) Cyclones (d) Landslides
Ans: (a)
101. What is the scale used for measuring the intensity of the earthquake?
(a) Richter scale
(b) Metric scale
(c) Centigrade scale
(d) Newton’s scale
Ans: (*)
102. Equator represents
(a) line joining North and South poles
(b) imaginary line passing round the Earth midway between North & South poles
(c) a belt (ring) around the planet Saturn
(d) axis of rotation of Earth
Ans: (b)
103. The acceleration due to gravity at the equator
(a) is less than that at the poles
(b) is greater than that at the poles
(c) is equal to that at the poles
(d) does not depend on the earth’s centripetal acceleration
Ans: (a)
104. The ‘Pacific Ring of Fire’ is associated with
(a) oil well fires
(b) thermal power station
(c) volcanoes and earthquakes
(d) forest fires
Ans: (c)
105. Which one of the following rivers forms an estuary ?
(a) Ganga (b) Tapti
(c) Godavari (d) Mahanadi
Ans: (b)
106. How much of the Earth’s land surface is desert ?
(a) 1/10th (b) 1/5th
(c) 1/3rd (c) 1/6th
Ans: (c)
107. What percentage of world’s freshwater is stored as glacial ice ?
(a) 50% (b) 10%
(c) 70% (d) 30%
Ans: (c)
108. The approximate circumference of the Earth is
(a) 13,000 km (b) 20,000 km
(c) 25,000 km (d) 30,000 km
Ans: (c)
109. Desertification can be checked by
(a) plugging gullies
(b) checking over-grazing
(c) contour ploughing
(d) forming shelter belts
Ans: (b)
110. In an iceberg floating in the sea, out of 10 parts of its mass, how much will remain above the surface of the water?
(a) 1 part (b) 2 parts
(c) 4 parts (d) 6 parts
Ans: (a)
111. A day is added when one crosses
(a) the equator from south to north
(b) 180 degree longitude from east to west
(c) the equator from north to south
(d) 180 degree longitude from west to east
Ans: (a)
112. When does the moon come between the Sun and earth?
(a) Lunar eclipse
(b) Solar eclipse
(c) Sidereal day
(d) Full moon day
Ans: (b)
113. The latitude of a place is expressed by its angular distance in relation to—
(a) Equator
(b) South Pole
(c) Axis of the Earth
(d) North Pole
Ans: (a)
114. Hanging Valley is very common in
(a) high mountains
(b) sub-Arctic region
(c) glaciated areas
(d) coastal belt
Ans: (c)
115. The word ‘dendritic’ is associated with—
(a) wind (b) waves
(c) rivers (d) glaciers
Ans: (c)
116. When the earth is at the maximum distance from the Sun, it is called
(a) Aphelion (b) Perihelion
(c) Equinox (d) Sidereal
Ans: (a)
117. The scale that measures the intensity of earthquakes is called as
(a) Vernier scale
(b) Richter scale
(c) Beaufort scale
(d) Diagonal scale
Ans: (*)
118. The main source of usable water on the Earth is
(a) Oceans
(b) Rivers
(c) Underground water
(d) Precipitation
Ans: (c)
119. Which of the following rivers lies in a rift valley?
(a) Luni (b) Chambal
(c) Sone (d) Tapti
Ans: (d)
120. What is meant by Isthmus?
(a) Mouth of a river where it joins the sea
(b) Narrow strip of water dividing two land masses
(c) Narrow strip of land dividing two oceans
(d) Narrow strip of land connecting two large areas of land
Ans: (c)
121. Natural embankments found on upper valley sides are-known as
(a) high banks (b) levees
(c) bunds (d) ridge
Ans: (b)
122. Vocanoes are scattered
(a) all over the world
(b) only along the coasts
(c) on the islands
(d) mainly along young fold mountains
Ans: (c)
123. Which of the following minerals are required for smelting iron ore?
(a) Limestone and gypsum
(b) Manganese and limestone
(c) Limestone and coal
(d) Gypsum and coal
Ans: (b)
124. One of the following is not the result of underground water action
(a) Stalactites (b) Stalagmites
(c) Sink holes (d) Fiords
Ans: (d)
125. The inner-most layer of the earth is known as
(a) Lithosphere
(b) Mesosphere
(c) Asthenosphere
(d) Barysphere
Ans: (c)
126. The temperature of water at the bottom of a large waterfall is higher than that of the water at the top. because
(a) the falling water absorbs heat from the Sun.
(b) the water at the bottom has greater potential energy.
(c) the kinetic energy of the falling water is converted into heat.
(d) rocks on the bed of the river give out heat.
Ans: (c)
127. Which one of the following is an igneous rock?
(a) Sandstone (b) Shale
(c) Quartzite (d) Granite
Ans: (d)
128. The greatest erosive power of a river is associated with
(a) gorges
(b) meanders
(c) inter-locking spurs
(d) V-shaped valley
Ans: (b)
129. Prime Meridian passes through
(a) Greenwich (b) Ujjain
(c) New York (d) Tokyo
Ans: (a)
130. What is the epicentre of an Earthquake?
(a) The point at which earthquake originates
(b) The point which is prone to volcanoes
(c) The point from which the intensity of seismic waves declines
(d) The point on the earth’s surface vertically above the seismic focus
Ans: (d)
131. The main cause of recurring flood is
(a) Soil erosion
(b) Deforestation
(c) Silting of river beds
(d) All of the above
Ans: (d)
132. Which one of the following is the greatest circle ?
(a) Tropic of Cancer
(b) Tropic of Capricorn
(c) Equator
(d) Arctic Circle
Ans: (c)
133. In the context of ‘time’, GMT means
(a) General Meridian Time
(b) Greenwich Mean Time
(c) Global Mean Time
(d) None of these
Ans: (b)
134. Which of the following is a typical feature of river erosion in youthful stage ?
(a) Ox-bow lake
(b) Gorge
(c) Valley in valley
(d) Cut-bank
Ans: (b)
135. Which one of the following is not the result of underground water action?
(a) Stalactites (b) Stalagmites
(c) Sinkholes (d) Fiords
Ans: (d)
136. Which one of the following is an unpredictable natural disaster ?
(a) Earthquake (b) Cyclone
(c) Tornado (d) Hurricane
Ans: (a)
137. The natural gaps across the mountains which provide routes are called
(a) Peaks (b) Dunes
(c) Plateaus (d) Passes
Ans: (d)
138. ‘Flash floods’ are associated with
(a) Thunderstorms
(b) Cyclonic storms
(c) Tsunami
(d) Tornado
Ans: (b)
139. Tundras are
(a) Deciduous forests
(b) Tropical rain forests
(c) Cold deserts
(d) Hot deserts
Ans: (c)
140. The rapid sliding of large masses of bed rocks is called :
(a) Landslide (b) Earthquake
(c) Weathering (d) Mass wasting
Ans: (a)
141. Which type of lake is formed by volcanic activities ?
(a) Caldera lake
(b) Karst lake
(c) Lagoon
(d) Fresh water lake
Ans: (a)
142. Earthquakes are generally associated with :
(a) Joints (b) Faults
(c) Folds (d) Schistosity
Ans: (b)
143. The Tropic of Cancer does not pass through
(a) Myanmar (b) Nepal
(c) Bangladesh (d) China
Ans: (b)
144. Mounds of sand formed by wind action are called
(a) Cliffs (b) Cirques
(c) Dunes (d) Hamadas
Ans: (c)
145. The rate of deforestation is high in
(a) Tropical zone
(b) Desert areas
(c) Temperate zone
(d) Boreal forest
Ans: (c)
146. Ice glacier’s melting is a common phenomenon linked to the rise in seawater level. The glaciers are predominantly present in
(a) Greenland (b) Antarctica
(c) Himalayas (d) Arctic
Ans: (b)
147. The angle between the magnetic meridian and the geographical meridian at a place is
(a) Azimuth (b) Dip
(c) Declination(d) Latitude
Ans: (c)
148. Lake formed in a cut off river, meander is called:
(a) Playa Lake
(b) Meteoric Lake
(c) Ox-Bow Lake
(d) Crater Lake
Ans: (c)
149. Sandstone is metamorphosed to:
(a) Shale (b) Slate
(c) Quartzite (d) Marble
Ans: (c)
150. Moraines are formed in
(a) River deltas
(b) Arid regions
(c) Glacial regions
(d) Monsoon region
Ans: (c)
151. The Himalayan mountain range is an example of
(a) Volcanic mountain
(b) Residual mountain
(c) Block mountain
(d) Fold mountain
Ans: (d)
152. Breaking down of rock in situ is known as
(a) Erosion
(b) Weathering
(c) Mass wasting
(d) Degradation
Ans: (b)
153. Which of the following is an example of Plutonic Igneous Rock?
(a) Basalt (b) Granite
(c) Slate (d) Dolomite
Ans: (b)
154. The cup-shaped mouth of the volcano is
(a) Focus (b) Epicentre
(c) Crater (d) Cinder cone
Ans: (c)
155. The stagnant water at the bottom of a lake is called
(a) Epilimnion (b) Mesolimnion
(c) Metalimnion(d) Hypolimnion
Ans: (d)
156. The formation of ‘Mushroom rock’ in desert region is an example of
(a) Deflation (b) Attrition
(c) Abrasion (d) Erosion
Ans: (c)
157. Obsidian, Andesite, Gabbro and Perodite are :
(a) Metamorphic rocks
(b) Intrusive rocks
(c) Sedimentary rocks
(d) Extrusive rocks
Ans: (*)
158. Which one of the following is a Sedimentary Rock ?
(a) Granite (b) Charnockite
(c) Basalt (d) Arkose
Ans: (d)
159. Hydraulic Action is a type of erosion caused by
(a) Running water
(b) Wind
(c) Glacier
(d) None of these
Ans: (a)
160. Which of the following is the newest geological era ?
(a) Permian (b) Triassic
(c) Cretaceous (d) Jurassic
Ans: (c)
161. Spot the odd item in the following :
(a) Basalt (b) Ruby
(c) Emerald (d) Sapphire
Ans: (a)
162. Which of the following is an organic rock ?
(a) Marble (b) Coal
(c) Granite (d) Slate
Ans: (b)
163. The mountain formed on the earth crust due to tension is called
(a) Young folded mountain
(b) Old folded mountain
(c) Laccolith mountain
(d) Block mountain
Ans: (d)
164. Spot the odd item of the following :
(a) Shale (b) Marble
(c) Limestone (d) Sandstone
Ans: (b)
165. Solar eclipse occurs when
(a) the Moon does not lie on the line joining the Sun and the Earth
(b) the Moon comes between the Sun and the Earth
(c) the Sun comes between the Moon and the Earth
(d) the Earth comes between the Moon and the Sun
Ans: (b)
166. Rift Valley is formed
(a) between two anticlines
(b) between two faults
(c) erosion of synclinal basin
(d) due to volcanic eruption
Ans: (b)
167. Widening of a river valley takes place due to
(a) Corrosion
(b) Lateral erosion
(c) Corrasion
(d) Hydraulic action
Ans: (b)
168. Which type of lake is formed by volcanic activities ?
(a) Lagoon
(b) Fresh water lake
(c) Cladera lake
(d) Karst lake
Ans: (c)
169. Nappe is a kind of
(a) fluvial feature
(b) folded structure
(c) erosional plain
(d) delta region
Ans: (b)
170. The area which is resistant to any massive structural transformation is called
(a) rigid mass
(b) ancient landmass
(c) tectonic plate
(d) shield
Ans: (d)
171. The area marked by internal drainage
(a) Plateau (b) Plains
(c) Deserts (d) Mountains
Ans: (c)
172. Why is the South Pole colder than the North Pole ?
(a) High altitude
(b) More rainfall
(c) Strong winds
(d) Away from the sun
Ans: (a)
173. An earthquake is also known as
(a) Teacher (b) Tremor
(c) Temper (d) None of these
Ans: (b)
174. Which one of the following rivers crosses the tropic of capricorn twice ?
(a) Vaal (b) Limpopo
(c) Nizer (d) Zambezi
Ans: (b)
175. ‘Willow’ for a cricket bat is obtained from
(a) Tropical forests
(b) Rain forests
(c) Deciduous forests
(d) Coniferous forests
Ans: (c)
176. The longest river in Asia is
(a) River Indus
(b) River Yangtze
(c) River Hwang Ho
(d) River Ganga
Ans: (b)
177. The Equator does not pass through which of the following countries ?
(a) Kenya (b) Mexico
(c) Indonesia (d) Brazil
Ans: (b)
178. The majority of Earth’s crust is composed of which rock ?
(a) Igneous (b)Metamorphic
(c) Sedimentary (d)Carbonate
Ans: (a)
179. The largest forest which covers 25 percent of the world’s forest land is :
(a) The Tropical Rain forest
(b) Taiga forest of Siberia
(c) Monsoon forest
(d) Temperate forests of Europe
Ans: (b)
180. The ‘graded profile’ of a river course is a
(a) smooth curve from source to mouth.
(b) smooth curve in the upper course.
(c) smooth curve in the middle course.
(d) smooth curve in the lower course.
Ans: (a)
181. Sink hole is a phenomenon of _______ topography.
(a) Plain (b) Desert
(c) Tundra (d) Karst
Ans: (d)
182. Earthquakes are caused by
(a) Denudation
(b) Tectonism
(c) Earth revolution
(d) Earth rotation
Ans: (b)
183. The earth completes one rotation on its axis in :
(a) 23 hrs. 56 min. 4.9 sec
(b) 23 hrs. 10 min. 2 sec
(c) 23 hrs. 30 min.
(d) 24 hrs.
Ans: (a)
184. Granite, quartzite areas have upstanding look because
(a) mechanically wealthered faster
(b) these rocks are resistant to all kinds of erosion
(c) these rocks are not easily croded
(d) not easily worn down
Ans: (d)
185. In mountainous areas a natural cause for road blocks is often :
(a) road repairs and construction
(b) land slides
(c) tree felling
(d) traffic congestion
Ans: (b)
186. Which of the following refers to the white salt which covers the land in some areas during dry season?
(a) usar (b) reh
(c) erg (d) reg
Ans: (b)
187. Meanders are the features formed by
(a) glaciers (b) rivers
(c) winds (d) ocean waters
Ans: (b)
188. Uneven distribution of insolation on the earth is mainly due to the
(a) spherical shape of the earth
(b) distribution of land and water
(c) direction of the winds
(d) presence of pressure belts
Ans: (a)
189. Equinox occurs when the sun is vertically above _____
(a) Tropic of Capricorn
(b) Tropic of Cancer
(c) Poles
(d) Equator
Ans: (d)
190. An Equinox is when:
(a) Day and night are of equal length
(b) Day is of the shortest duration during the year
(c) Day is of the longest duration in the year
(d) Day when maximum rainfall of the year occurs
Ans: (a)
191. _________ is the thinnest layer of Earth.
(a) Mantle (b) Outer Core
(c) Crust (d) Inner Core
Ans: (c)
192. Why the Earth is having its own atmosphere ?
(a) Winds (b) Clouds
(c) Gravity
(d) Rotation of the Earth
Ans: (c)
193. The minimum short-term natural hazard is
(a) blizzard (b) earthquake
(c) volcanic eruption
(d) bolt of lightning
Ans: (d)
194. Molten rock below the surface of the earth is called
(a) Basalt (b) Laccolith
(c) Lava (d) Magma
Ans: (d)
195. A landscape which is caused due to the fissure in the earth along which one side has moved down with reference to the other is known as
(a) Rift Valley
(b) U Shaped Valley
(c) V Shaped Valley
(d) Hanging Valley
Ans: (a)
196. Sink hole is a phenomenon of :
(a) Plain (b) Desert
(c) Tundra (d) Karst
Ans: (d)
197. When Granite rocks get metamorphosed, they form
(a) Quartzite (b) Gneiss
(c) Marble (d) Slate
Ans: (b)
198. The disconnected lines drawn on a map for showing slope
(a) Bench marks
(b) Contours (c) Form lines
(d) Hachure
Ans: (d)
199. A group of inter-connected islands is known as __________ .
(a) Strait (b) Peninsula
(c) Archipelago
(d) Lagoon
Ans: (c)
200. The term “Doab” means
(a) a land between two mountains
(b) a land between two lakes
(c) a land between two rivers
(d) a land between two seas
Ans: (c)
201. Magnetic Meridian is a
(a) Line parallel to the equator of the Earth
(b) Latitude
(c) Line joining the geographic north and geographic south of Earth
(d) Plane passing through the magnetic north and magnetic south of Earth
Ans: (d)
202. Isolines joining places of equal rainfall are called ________
(a) isohyets (b) isotherms
(c) isobars (d) contours
Ans: (a)
203. Which of the following is not an Igneous Rock?
(a) Dolomite (b) Granite
(c) Basalt (d) Gabbro
Ans: (a)
204. If speed of rotation of the earth increases, the weight of the body
(a) decreases
(b) increases
(c) remains the same
(d) may increase or decrease
Ans: (a)
205. The land forms formed by wave erosion is :
(a) Spit (b) Beach
(c) Cave (d) Barrier island
Ans: (c)
206. A drainage pattern where a river is joined by its tributaries approximately at right angles is ____________
(a) Dendritic (b) Trellis
(c) Rectangular(d) Radial
Ans: (b)
207. The core of the earth is also known as
(a) Lithosphere
(b) Mesosphere
(c) Barysphere
(d) Centrosphere
Ans: (c)
208. The rock that results from solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of which of the following ?
(a) Igneous Rock
(b) Granite Rock
(c) Basalt Rock
(d) Magnetite
Ans: (a)
209. A broad, low embankment built up along the banks of a river channel during floods is called
(a) Delta (b) Levee
(c) Flood Plain
(d) Dune
Ans: (b)
210. What process takes place during the youthful stage of a river ?
(a) Valley widening
(b) River rejuvenating
(c) Valley deepening
(d) Meandering
Ans: (c)
211. Winds blowing constantly in one direction in rocky deserts form
(a) Chimneys
(b) Mushrooms rocks
(c) Yardangs
(d) Demoiselles
Ans: (c)
212. What is the mean temperature of Earth?
(a) 6 degree Celsius
(b) 16 degree Celsius
(c) 26 degree Celsius
(d) 36 degree Celsius
Ans: (b)
213. What is the position of the Earth when it is at the greatest distance from the sun ?
(a) Aphelion (b) Antipode
(c) Perihelion (d) Aldiate
Ans: (a)
Part–III Climatology
214. The deflection of the winds to the right in the northern hemisphere is caused by :
(a) revolution of the earth
(b) rotation of the earth
(c) uneven heating of the earth
(d) All the above
Ans: (b)
215. Atmospheric pressure exerted on earth is due to :
(a) rotation of earth
(b) revolution of earth
(c) gravitational pull
(d) uneven heating of earth
Ans: (c)
216. Which one of the following has the highest wind velocity?
(a) Typhoon (b) Hurricane
(c) Cyclone (d) Tornado
Ans: (d)
217. Speed of wind is measured by
(a) barometer (b) hygrometer
(c) thermometer (d)anemometer
Ans: (d)
218. Trade winds are due to
(a) Conduction (b) Convection
(c) Radiation (d) Scattering
Ans: (b)
219. Ozone-hole in the atmosphere is largely caused by the presence of
(a) Oxygen
(b) Hydrogen
(c) Chloro-floro-carbon
(d) Radio-active waste
Ans: (c)
220. The term Roaring Forties is related to the
(a) Trade winds
(b) Planetary winds
(c) Westerlies
(d) Polar winds
Ans: (c)
221. The line on a map connecting points of equal temperature at a given time is
(a) Isohyet (b) Isobar
(c) Isthumus (d) Isotherm
Ans: (d)
222. Where does most of the weather phenomena take place?
(a) Ionosphere (b) Troposphere
(c) Stratosphere (d)Tropopause
Ans: (b)
223. Very strong and cold icy winds that blow in the Polar regions are called
(a) Typhoons (b) Tornadoes
(c) Blizzards (d) Polar winds
Ans: (c)
224. Condensation is the reverse of
(a) Vaporization (b) Smog
(c) Cirrus cloud (d) Fog
Ans: (a)
225. Daily weather changes in the atmosphere are associated with
(a) Troposphere (b) Mesosphere
(c) Ionosphere (d) Stratosphere
Ans: (a)
226. Tropical storm in Chinese Sea is known as–
(a) Wave (b) Tornado
(c) Typhoon (d) Cyclone
Ans: (c)
227. Convectional Rainfall occurs in:
(a) Equatorial region
(b) Temperate region
(c) Tropical region
(d) Polar region
Ans: (a)
228. Land and sea-breezes occur due to :
(a) Conduction (b) Convection
(c) Radiation (d) Tides
Ans: (b)
229. Trade winds blow from the
(a) equatorial low pressure
(b) polar high pressure
(c) subtropical high pressure
(d) subpolar low pressure
Ans: (c)
230. Equatorial regions experience
(a) warm and dry climate
(b) hot and humid climate
(c) wet and windy climate
(d) moderately pleasant climate
Ans: (b)
231. What happens to atmospheric pressure with increase in altitude ?
(a) It remains constant
(b) It decreases
(c) It increases
(d) It constantly fluctuates
Ans: (b)
232. Mediterranean type of climate is characterized by
(a) dry summer and wet winter
(b) wet summer and dry winter
(c) dry summer and dry winter
(d) wet summer and wet winter
Ans: (a)
233. Which of the following winds is called anti-trade wind ?
(a) Chinook (b) Cyclone
(c) Typhoon (d) Westerlies
Ans: (a)
234. The solar radiation coming to Earth is called
(a) Radiant energy
(b) Insolation
(c) Sunshine
(d) Terrestrial radiation
Ans: (b)
235. Hailstorms are caused due to
(a) condensation
(b) convection
(c) sublimation
(d) freezing
Ans: (d)
236. Blizzards are characteristic features of—
(a) equatorial region
(b) tropical region
(c) Antarctic region
(d) temperate region
Ans: (c)
237. If there is no carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere, the temperature of earth’s surface would be
(a) dependent on the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere
(b) higher than the present
(c) less than the present
(d) the same
Ans: (c)
238. Name the continent where ‘Tundra’ type of climate is not found
(a) Europe (b) Asia
(c) Africa (d) North America
Ans: (c)
239. Which one of the following is not the example of planetary winds ?
(a) Monsoon
(b) Trade wind
(c) Land and sea breezes
(d) Chinook
Ans: (d)
240. The climate of North America is influenced during winter by the
(a) Polar airmasses
(b) Warm airmasses
(c) Continental airmasses
(d) Tropical airmasses
Ans: (d)
241. Storms of gases are visible in the chromosphere of the Sun during
(a) Cyclones
(b) Anticyclones
(c) Lunar eclipse
(d) Solar eclipse
Ans: (d)
242. Recharging of water table depends on
(a) amount of rainfall
(b) relief of the area
(c) vegetation of the area
(d) amount of percolation
Ans: (b)
243. In atmosphere the lowermost layer is
(a) troposphere
(b) exosphere
(c) ionosphere
(d) strato sphere
Ans: (a)
244. The lower layer of atmosphere is called
(a) exosphere (b) troposphere
(c) ionosphere (d) mesosphere
Ans: (b)
245. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :
List – I
a. Australia
b. China
c. France
d. West Indies List – II
1. Hurricane
2. Willy-willy
2. Typhoon
4. Mistral Code :
a b c d
(a) 2 1 4 3
(b) 1 2 3 4
(c) 1 3 2 4
(d) 4 1 2 3
Ans: (a)
246. Which is the lowest layer of the atmosphere?
(a) Troposphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Mesosphere
(d) Thermosphere
Ans: (a)
247. Which one of the following represent the lines joining the places of equal rainfall ?
(a) Isohypses (b) Isohalines
(c) Isobars (d) Isohyets
Ans: (d)
248. Depression formed due to deflating action of winds are called
(a) Playas (b) Yardang
(c) Ventifacts (d) Sand dunes
Ans: (b)
249. Which one of the following is the highest cloud ?
(a) Cirrus
(b) Stratocumulus
(c) Nimbostratus
(d) Cumulus
Ans: (a)
250. Troposphere is the hottest part of the atmosphere because
(a) it is closest to the Sun
(b) there are charged particles in it
(c) it is heated by the Earth’s surface
(d) heat is generated in it
Ans: (c)
251. The lowest layer of the atmosphere is :
(a) Stratosphere
(b) Thermosphere
(c) Troposphere
(d) Mesosphere
Ans: (c)
252. The zone of Earth’s atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8 kms over the poles is known as :
(a) Mesosphere
(b) Thermosphere
(c) Troposphere
(d) Stratosphere
Ans: (c)
253. Which one of the following is called as “Roaring Forty”?
(a) Winds blowing in southern hemisphere between 400– 600 S
(b) Winds blowing in northern hemisphere between 400– 600 N
(c) Very cold winds which blow in winters
(d) Very hot and fast blowing summer winds
Ans: (a)
254. Airmass near to the earth’s surface is warmer because it
(a) radiates heat
(b) contains dust particles
(c) is warmed by terrestrial radiation
(d) is far from the sun
Ans: (c)
255. Which one of the following is called North-easter?
(a) Cold and fast-blowing winds in northern hemisphere that move from sub-polar to polar regions
(b) Cold and fast-blowing winds in South Pole region
(c) Cold and fast-blowing winds from the polar region in northern hemisphere
(d) Winds blowing towards Kazakhstan in Central Asia
Ans: (c)
256. Density of the earth’s atmosphere is highest in the
(a) Troposphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Mesosphere
(d) Ionosphere
Ans: (a)
257. Which of the following asborbs part of the insolation and preserves earth’s radiated heat?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Water vapour
(d) Carbon-di-oxide
Ans: (c)
258. Cyclones are caused due to
(a) low pressure
(b) high pressure
(c) low temperature
(d) high density
Ans: (a)
259. What is a ‘tornado’ ?
(a) A very high pressure centre
(b) A very low pressure centre
(c) A very high ocean wave
(d) A planetary wind
Ans: (b)
260. Katrina is the name given to _________
(a) Satellite (b) Star
(c) Heat wave (d) Hurricane
Ans: (d)
261. In which region does rainfall occur throughout the year ?
(a) Mediterranean
(b) Equatorial
(c) Tropical
(d) Temperate
Ans: (b)
262. The vertical movement of air is termed as
(a) wind
(b) air current
(c) air turbulence
(d) air mobility
Ans: (b)
263. The atmospheric layer closest to the earth is:
(a) Mesosphere
(b) Hydrosphere
(c) Troposphere
(d) Ionosphere
Ans: (c)
264. Frontal Rain is caused by
(a) Convection current
(b) Winds from sea
(c) Cyclonic activity
(d) Condensation of water evaporated from mountains
Ans: (c)
265. Smog is a combination of
(a) air and water vapour
(b) water and smoke
(c) fire and water
(d) smoke and fog
Ans: (d)
266. Which one of the four regions above the earth has smallest height (km.) ?
(a) Stratosphere
(b) Mesosphere
(c) Thermosphere
(d) Troposphere
Ans: (d)
267. Typhoons are common in the
(a) Arctic Ocean
(b) Seas of China and Japan
(c) Mexican Gulf
(d) Indian Ocean
Ans: (b)
268. Wind rose represents
(a) wind turbulance
(b) wind data
(c) wind pressure
(d) wind temperature
Ans: (a)
269. The layer of the atmosphere in which Radio Waves are reflected back is called ;
(a) Ionosphere (b) Troposphere
(c) Stratosphere(d) Exosphere
Ans: (a)
270. The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth’s surface is known as
(a) Stratosphere (b)Exosphere
(c) Ionosphere (d)Mesosphere
Ans: (b)
271. The climatic zones are classified on the basis of
(a) distance from the equator
(b) elevation
(c) rainfall
(d) distance from the sea
Ans: (c)
272. The main advantage of Rain?
Water Harvesting (RWH) is
(a) Recharge ground water
(b) Avoid floods
(c) Reduce the loss of water
(d) Avoid soil erosion
Ans: (a)
273. Subtropical high pressure belts are otherwise called
(a) Furious fifties
(b) Screeching sixties
(c) Horse latitudes
(d) Roaring forties
Ans: (c)
274. Atmospheric temperature increasing at the higher altitudes is called
(a) Radiation (b) Inversion
(c) Conduction (d) Convection
Ans: (b)
275. Which of the following reasons is responsible for lack of vegetation in the deserts ?
(a) Heavy volume of sands
(b) Absence of B-horizon in the soil
(c) High temperature
(d) Lack of rainfall
Ans: (d)
276. The humidity of air depends on
(a) Temperature
(b) Location
(c) Weather
(d) All of the above
Ans: (d)
277. The temperature increases rapidly above
(a) Ionosphere (b) Exosphere
(c) Stratosphere (d) Troposphere
Ans: (b)
278. Our atmosphere is divided into layers.
(a) Two (b) Three
(c) Four (d) Five
Ans: (d)
279. The forests which act as barriers against cyclones are :
(a) Alpine forests
(b) Mangrove forests
(c) Evergreen forests
(d) Monsoon forests
Ans: (b)
280. Cloud burst means
(a) Formation of artificial rain
(b) Abnormally heavy downpour of rain, associated with thunderstorm
(c) Presence of scattered flakes of cloud in the sky
(d) Sowing of seeds of a crop in a cloudy weather
Ans: (b)
281. Which of the following is FALSE with respect to rain water harvesting ?
(a) It is a device of water conservation.
(b) It helps raising water table.
(c) It helps meet rising water demand.
(d) It increases run-off losses.
Ans: (d)
282. The South-East trade winds are attracted towards the Indian subcontinent in the rainy season due to
(a) the development of cyclone over the equator
(b) the effect of easterlies
(c) the effect of Northern-East trade winds
(d) the presence of low atmospheric pressure over North-
West India
Ans: (d)
283. The Mediterranean region are characterized by heavy rain in:
(a) Winter (b) Spring
(c) Autumn (d) Summer
Ans: (a)
284. The layer of atmosphere close to the earth’s surface is called
(a) Exosphere
(b) Troposphere
(c) Stratosphere
(d) Ionosphere
Ans: (b)
285. Choose the correct option which represents the arrangement of atmospheric layers.
(a) Ionosphere, Ecosphere, Mesosphere, Stratosphere, Troposphere
(b) Ecosphere, Troposphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere, Stratosphere
(c) Mesosphere, Ionosphere. Ecosphere, Troposphere, Stratosphare
(d) Troposphare, Ionosphere, Ecosphere
Ans: (d)
286. ‘Cloud burst’ means
(a) Sowing of seeds of a crop in cloudy weather.
(b) Abnormally heavy downpour of rain, associated with a thunderstorm.
(c) Formation of artificial rain.
(d) Presence of scattered flakes of cloud in the sky.
Ans: (b)
287. All vital atmospheric processes leading to various climatic and weather conditions take place in the :
(a) Stratosphere
(b) Troposphere
(c) Ionosphere (d) Exosphere
Ans: (b)
288. Which is the warmest layer of the atmosphere?
(a) Thermosphere
(b) Troposphere
(c) Stratosphere
(d) Mesosphere
Ans: (a)
289. Most of the ozone in the earth’s atmosphere is found in the :
(a) Troposphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Mesophere
(d) Thermosphere
Ans: (b)
290. Which of the following is the uppermost layer of the atmosphere?
(a) Stratosphere
(b) Mesosphere
(c) Ionosphere
(d) Exosphere
Ans: (d)
291. Match List I and List II and mark the correct answer.
List I List II
(Winds) (Locations)
a. Chinook 1. Alps
b. Foehn 2. India
c. Sirocco 3. USA
d. Loo 4. Egypt
(a) a = 4, b = 2, c = 1, d = 3
(b) a = 3, b = 4, c = 2, d = 1
(c) a = 3, b = 1, c = 4, d = 2
(d) a = 4, b = 3, c = 1, d = 2
Ans: (b)
292. In which of the following layer of atmosphere the absorption and scattering of the solar ultraviolet radiation takes place?
(a) Troposphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Mesosphere
(d) Thermosphere
Ans: (b)
293. A level of atmosphere which is composed partly of electrons and positive ions is called
(a) Troposphere
(b) Ionosphere
(c) Stratosphere
(d) Mesosphere
Ans: (b)
294. The amount of insolation received at a place on the surface of the earth depends upon:
(a) its climate
(b) the longitude of the place
(c) its latitude
(d) the altitude of the place
Ans: (c)
295. Which of the following wind is blowing from the Mediterranean sea to the North Western parts of India ?
(a) Western disturbances
(b) Norwesters
(c) Loo
(d) Mango showers
Ans: (a)
296. Which layer of the earth’s atmosphere contains the ozone layer ?
(a) Troposphere
(b) Mesosphere
(c) Ionosphere
(d) Stratosphere
Ans: (d)
297. Rainfall caused by intense evaporation in equatorial areas is called _______
(a) Orographic rainfall
(b) Cyclonic rainfall
(c) Frontal rainfall
(d) Convectional rainfall
Ans: (d)
298. Ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere is absorbed by
(a) SO2 (b) Ozone
(c) Oxygen (d) Argon
Ans: (b)
299. The layer where the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude is totally absent is
(a) Troposphere
(b) Ionosphere
(c) Stratosphere
(d) Mesosphere
Ans: (c)
300. Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called
(a) Drizzle (b) Hail
(c) Sleet (d) Snow
Ans: (c)
301. Which of the following is/are ‘rain cloud’?
1. Cirrus
2. Nimbostratus
3. Cumulonimbus
4. Altocumulus
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1 and 4 only
Ans: (b)
302. Ozone layer is formed due to reactions of :
(a) oxygen and ultraviolet rays
(b) carbon dioxide and layers of atmosphere
(c) cosmic rays and layers of atmosphere
(d) infrared rays and ultraviolet rays
Ans: (a)
303. Which of the following is the lowest atmospheric layer ?
(a) Lithosphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Troposphere
(d) Hydrosphere
Ans: (c)
Part–IV Hydrosphere and Oceanography
304. What is the interval between a high tide and neaptide at a given place ?
(a) 12 hours
(b) 12 hours 26 minutes
(c) 15 hours 30 minutes
(d) 24 hours
Ans: (b)
305. The sea bed sloping gradually and bordering the continent is known as :
(a) Coast
(b) Continental Shelf.
(c) Continental Platform.
(d) Continental Slope.
Ans: (b)
306. A special type of well in which water rises automatically under the pressure of a column of water to the ground surface through a hole is known as
(a) Artisian well (b) Spring
(c) Hot spring (d) Geyser
Ans: (a)
307. Which of the following oceans has the shape of the English alphabet S ?
(a) Arctic Ocean
(b) Indian Ocean
(c) Atlantic Ocean
(d) Pacific Ocean
Ans: (c)
308. Which from the following, is a landlocked sea ?
(a) Timor Sea
(b) Arafura Sea
(c) Greeland Sea
(d) Aral Sea
Ans: (d)
309. A place where there is constant intermingling of salt water and fresh water is ____
(a) Estuary (b) Delta
(c) Gulf (d) Bay
Ans: (a)
310. The deepest ocean of the world is
(a) Atlantic Ocean
(b) Arctic Ocean
(c) Indian Ocean
(d) Pacific Ocean
Ans: (d)
311. Tides in the sea have stored in them :
(a) Hydraulic energy
(b) Kinetic energy
(c) Gravitational potential energy
(d) A combination of all the above three forms of energy
Ans: (c)
312. The deepest surface depression on the earth is
(a) Kurile Trench
(b) Mariana Trench
(c) Tonga-Kermadec Trench
(d) Bentley Subglacial
Ans: (b)
313. Echo sounding is the tech-nique applied to—
(a) measure the depth of the sea
(b) measure the amplitude of sound waves
(c) record earthquake waves
(d) record the density of air in the atmosphere
Ans: (a)
314. El Nino is
(a) a warm ocean current
(b) sea storm
(c) tropical disturbance
(d) another name of typhoon
Ans: (a)
315. The narrow stretch of water connecting two Seas is called
(a) Bay (b) Peninsula
(c) Isthamus (d) Strait
Ans: (d)
316. The largest ocean is
(a) Atlantic Ocean
(b) Indian Ocean
(c) Arctic Ocean
(d) Pacific Ocean
Ans: (d)
317. Which current is responsible for increase in the temperature of the western Europe ?
(a) Labrador current
(b) Gulf stream
(c) Canari current
(d) North Equatorial current
Ans: (d)
318. Tsunamis are cuased by
(a) mixing of cold and warm currents
(b) earthquakes
(c) changes in sea level
(d) volcanic eruption
Ans: (b)
319. Seismic sea waves which approach the coasts at greater force are known as
(a) Tides (b) Tsunami
(c) Current (d) Cyclone
Ans: (b)
320. Which of the following is a cold ocean current ?
(a) Humboldt current
(b) Brazil current
(c) Oyashio current
(d) Canary current
Ans: (a)
321. Sea breeze is formed during
(a) Day time (b) Night time
(c) Both (d) Seasonal
Ans: (a)
322. The coral reefs are the marine counterparts of
(a) Temperate forests
(b) Tropical rain forests
(c) Savannahs
(d) Scrubland
Ans: (b)
323. The deepest ocean is-
(a) Arctic (b) Pacific
(c) Atlantic (d) Indian
Ans: (b)
324. Two seas or water-bodies connected by a narrow stretch of water is known as a
(a) Bay (b) Strait
(c) Peninsula (d) Isthmus
Ans: (b)
325. Waves approaching the shore is known as
(a) Swash (b) Tsunami
(c) Currents (d) Tide
Ans: (b)
326. Atoll is a kind of
(a) sand-dune (b) lake
(c) sandbar (d) inland sea
Ans: (d)
327. The coastal part of water bodies of the oceans which is structurally part of the mainland of the continents is called the
(a) Isthmus
(b) Oceanic ridge
(c) Continental shelf
(d) Continental slope
Ans: (c)
328. Which one of the following is not a cold ocean current?
(a) California (b) Oyashio
(c) Kuroshio (d) Ganaries
Ans: (c)
329. The term territorial water means
(a) The water found within the country in form of rivers and lakes
(b) The water secured from other countries
(c) The water which is supplied to other countries
(d) Water of the sea located close to the coast of a country
Ans: (d)
330. The ocean which touches the Asian and American shores is
(a) Atlantic (b) Indian
(c) Antarctic (d) Pacific
Ans: (d)
331. Which from the following can cause a tsunami ?
(a) Volcano (b) Avalanche
(c) Tornado (d) Earthquake
Ans: (d)
332. The coastal part of water bodies of the oceans which is structurally part of the mainland of the continents is called
(a) isthumus
(b) oceanic ridge
(c) continental shelf
(d) continental slope
Ans: (c)
333. Mariana Trench is found in
(a) Atlantic Ocean
(b) Pacific Ocean
(c) Indian Ocean
(d) Arctic Ocean
Ans: (b)
334. Which one of the following ocean currents does not occur in Atlantic Ocean ?
(a) Gulf stream
(b) Brazil current
(c) Peru current
(d) Canary current
Ans: (c)
335. The main cause of Tsunami is :
(a) Volcanoes
(b) Cyclones
(c) Earthquake on sea floor
(d) Moon’s attraction
Ans: (c)
336. Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the
(a) Earth on the Moon
(b) Earth on the Sun
(c) Sun and Moon on the Earth
(d) Moon on the Earth
Ans: (c)
337. Tides in the sea are caused by
(a) effect of Sun
(b) effect of Moon
(c) eombined effect of Moon and Sun
(d) gravitational force of Earth and Sun
Ans: (c)
338. Sea water is saltier than rain water because
(a) rivers wash away salts from earth and pour them into the sea
(b) sea beds have salt producing mines
(c) sea animals are salt producing
(d) the air around the sea is saltish
Ans: (a)
339. In sea, plants are restricted up to the depth of
(a) 20 m (b) 200 m
(c) 1000 m (d) 2000 m
Ans: (b)
340. El Nino occurs over
(a) Atlantic Ocean
(b) Indian Ocean
(c) Pacific Ocean
(d) Mediterranean Sea
Ans: (c)
341. The Sargasso sea is situated in the :
(a) Atlantic Ocean
(b) Pacific Ocean
(c) Indian Ocean
(d) Arctic Ocean
Ans: (a)
342. The eastward continuation of the Brazil current is called:
(a) South Atlantic drift
(b) Counter Equatorial drift
(c) West Atlantic drift
(d) North Atlantic drift
Ans: (a)
343. The rapidly growing mass of phytoplankton covering the surface water of a lake or pond is known as :
(a) Eutrophication
(b) Water bloom
(c) Water pollution
(d) Water hyacinth
Ans: (a)
344. Which one of the following is a warm ocean current ?
(a) Kurile (b) Canary
(c) Labrador (d) Gulf Stream
Ans: (d)
345. The rhythmic rise and fall of ocean water twice in a day is called
(a) Tide (b) Ocean current
(c) Wave (d)Water cycle
Ans: (a)
346. Neap tides are
(a) Strong (b) Weak
(c) Medium (d) Very strong
Ans: (b)
347. The Ocean with the largest surface area is
(a) Arctic Ocean
(b) Atlantic Ocean
(c) Indian Ocean
(d) Pacific Ocean
Ans: (d)
348. The largest current, because of its dark waters is known as the ‘black current’ and that is :
(a) Gulf Stream
(b) Kuroshio Current
(c) California Current
(d) Antarctic Current
Ans: (b)
349. Spring tides occur on
(a) New moon day only
(b) Full moon day as well as on new moon day
(c) Full moon day only
(d) The day when the moon’s position is in its first quarter
Ans: (b)
350. Best way to conserve our water resources :
(a) Rain water harvesting
(b) Sustainable water utilization
(c) Encouragement of natural regeneration of vegetation
(d) All of the options mentioned here.
Ans: (d)
351. The smallest ocean is :
(a) Atlantic (b) Pacific
(c) Indian (d) Arctic
Ans: (d)
352. How much of world’s surface is covered by water?
(a) 55% (b) 70%
(c) 80% (d) 25%
Ans: (b)
353. The largest reservoir of fresh water is :
(a) Glaciers (b) Ground Water
(c) Ponds (d) Lakes
Ans: (a)
354. A semi enclosed coastal body of water which has a free connection with the open sea is called
(a) Estuary (b) Fjord
(c) Cove (d) Ria coast
Ans: (a)
355. The ‘EL Nino’ phenomena which sparks climatic extreme around the globe, originates in the
(a) Sea of China
(b) Pacific Ocean
(c) Indian Ocean
(d) Atlantic Ocean
Ans: (b)
356. Terrigenous deposits are found in
(a) Deep Sea Plain
(b) Ocean Trenches
(c) Rift Valley
(d) Continental Shelf and Slope
Ans: (d)
357. ‘El Nino’ that affects our Monsoons, has its origins in
(a) The Indian Ocean
(b) The Himalayan Plateau
(c) The Pacific Ocean
(d) The Arabian Peninsula
Ans: (c)
358. Where is the Great Barrier Reef located ?
(a) Pacific Ocean
(b) Indian Ocean
(c) Atlantic Ocean
(d) Arctic Ocean
Ans: (a)
359. A wide inlet of the sea usually concave in shape, is termed as a:
(a) Strait (b) Sound
(c) Bay (d) Fjord
Ans: (c)
360. The gentle ‘seaward sloping’ surface from the coasts is called __________.
(a) Continental shelf
(b) Continental rise
(c) Abyssal plains
(d) Submarine ridges
Ans: (a)
361. Ring of Fire is found commonly in _____
(a) Pacific Ocean
(b) Atlantic Ocean
(c) Indian Ocean
(d) Arctic Ocean
Ans: (a)
362. “Great Barrier Reef”, the world’s largest Coral reef is located in
(a) Caribbean Islands
(b) Australia
(c) Philippines
(d) Indonesia
Ans: (b)
363. The deepest trench of the Indian Ocean is
(a) Java trench
(b) Aleutian trench
(c) Atacama trench
(d) Tizard trench
Ans: (a)
364. “Tsunami” is the name given to which of the following?
(a) Earthquake
(b) Cyclone
(c) Tidal Waves
(d) Undersea Waves
Ans: (d)
365. The tides in the sea are primarily due to
(a) the atmospheric effect of the Earth
(b) the gravitational effect of Venus on the Earth
(c) the gravitational effect of the Sun on the Earth
(d) the gravitational effect of the Moon on the Earth
Ans: (d)
366. A stretch of sea water, partly or fully separated by a narrow strip from the main sea is called
(a) Bay (b) Isthmus
(c) Lagoon (d) Strait
Ans: (c)
Part–V Soil and Agriculture
367. Laterite soil develops as a result of :
(a) deposits of alluvial
(b) deposits of loess
(c) leaching
(d) continued vegetation cover
Ans: (c)
368. The soil water which is of the greatest importance to the plant life is
(a) Gravitational water
(b) Capillary water
(c) Hygroscopic water
(d) Combined water
Ans: (b)
369. The colour of loamy soil is
(a) Greenish brown
(b) Bluish green
(c) Yellowish brown
(d) Blackish brown
Ans: (d)
370. Laterite soils are found in area where–
(a) normal temperature and rain fall is less
(b) temperature is high and rainfall is heavy
(c) temperature is low and rainfall is nominal
(d) temperature is high and rainfall is normal
Ans: (b)
371. The soil conservation method in which mountain slope is cut into step is
(a) Contour ploughing
(b) Cover planting
(c) Strip cropping
(d) Terracing
Ans: (d)
372. For the cultivation of Tobacco the soil should be rich in
(a) calcareous matter
(b) nitrogen
(c) organic content
(d) potash
Ans: (d)
373. Which of the following types of soil is best suited for cotton cultivation ?
(a) Black (b) Red
(c) Laterite (d) Mountain
Ans: (a)
374. The soil which originate under tall-grass prairie vegetation is called
(a) Black soils
(b) Chestnut soils
(c) Chernozem soils
(d) Terra rosa soils
Ans: (c)
375. Mountain soil contains a lot of—
(a) humus
(b) clay
(c) coase material
(d) iron and aluminium salt
Ans: (a)
376. Which of the following methods does not help in conserving soil fertility and moisture?
(a) Contour ploughing
(b) Dry farming
(c) Strip cropping
(d) Shifting agriculture
Ans: (d)
377. Which one of the following methods of soil conservation is most effective in arid areas ?
(a) Mulching
(b) Shelter belt
(c) Gully plugging
(d) Terracing
Ans: (b)
378. Which one of the following does not cause soil erosion ?
(a) Deflation
(b) Deforestation
(c) Weathering
(d) Overcropping
Ans: (a)
379. Soil erosion on hill slopes can be checked by
(a) Afforestation
(b) Terrace cultivation
(c) Strip cropping
(d) Contour ploughing
Ans: (b)
380. The crop mainly grown in hills is :
(a) sweet corn (b) sweet jowar
(c) sweet potato (d) sweet pea
Ans: (b)
381. Which one of the following practices is adopted for restoring the fertility of soil ?
(a) Weeding (b) Levelling
(c) Fallowing (d) Harrowing
Ans: (c)
382. Which is a tropical food crop requiring a temperature of 270 C and a rain fall more than 100 cm?
(a) Wheat (b) Maize
(c) Rice (d) Barley
Ans: (c)
383. Coffee is a
(a) Sub- tropical shrub
(b) Warm temperate shrub
(c) Tropical shrub
(d) Cool temperate shrub
Ans: (c)
384. Contour ploughing helps in
(a) stopping floods
(b) growing crops
(c) soil conservation
(d) checking landslides
Ans: (c)
385. Black soil is mainly related with the crop of
(a) cotton (b) sugarcane
(c) tea (d) coffee
Ans: (a)
386. Humus is a type of
(a) fossil seen on the rocks
(b) decaying organic matters in soil
(c) fertilizers applied in soil
(d) special growth found in plants
Ans: (b)
387. The significant quantity of upper soil is formed by
(a) Igneous rock
(b) Sedimentary rock
(c) Metamorphic rock
(d) Biological degradation
Ans: (b)
388. In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by
(a) Tree plantation/afforestation
(b) Crop rotation
(c) Contour ploughing
(d) Using farm manure
Ans: (a)
389. Alluvial soils are usually
(i) Rich in nitrogen
(ii) Poor in humus
(iii) Highly fertile
(iv) Easy to plough
(a) (i), (ii) and (iv)
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
Ans: (d)
390. The land which is not cultivated every year though it is suitable for cultivation :
(a) Waste land
(b) Pasture land
(c) Fallow land
(d) Cultivable waste land
Ans: (b)
391. The organic matter present in soil is known collectively as
(a) Hydrocarbons (b) Podsols
(c) Humus (d) Colloids
Ans: (c)
392. Which one the following soils is used for the production of bricks ?
(a) Peaty and organic
(b) Saline
(c) Laterite
(d) Red and yellow
Ans: (d)
393. Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called:
(a) Shelter belts
(b) Contour ploughing
(c) Strip cropping
(d) Afforestation
Ans: (d)
394. Soil formed by leaching and oxidation is
(a) Black soil (b) Laterite soil
(c) Red soil (d) Montane soil
Ans: (b)
395. Soil which is prone to intensive leaching due to rain is called
(a) Laterite (b) Black
(c) Alluvial (d) Red
Ans: (a)
396. Soil factors are otherwise known as :
(a) Edaphic factors
(b) Biotic factors
(c) Physiographic factors
(d) Climatic factors
Ans: (a)
397. Highly specialized form of agriculture in which crops like coffee, tea and rubber are cultivated refer to
(a) multiple cropping
(b) plantation agriculture
(c) terrace farming
(d) extensive farming
Ans: (b)
398. Identify the most infertile amongst the following soils.
(a) Black cotton soil
(b) Alluvial soil
(c) Laterite soil
(d) Peaty soil
Ans: (c)
399. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched ?
(a) Khadar – Zonal soil
(b) Podzol – Zonal soil
(c) Chestnut – Zonal soil
(d) Bhangar – Azonal soil
Ans: (a)
400. In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by
(a) Contour ploughing
(b) Using farm manure
(c) Tree plantation/Afforestaion
(d) Crop rotation
Ans: (c)
401. ‘Terra rossa’ is a Latin word which means
(a) hot area
(b) red terrain
(c) lateritic region
(d) region near the poles
Ans: (b)
402. The soils which are rich in Calcium are known as
(a) Pedocals (b) Pedalfers
(c) Podsols (d) Laterites
Ans: (a)
403. Soil erosion can be prevented by
(a) Increasing bird population
(b) Afforestation
(c) Removal of vegetation
(d) Overgrazing
Ans: (b)
404. Who of the following has given the term rhizoshere :
(a) Garret
(b) Alexopolus
(c) Hiltner
(d) None of the given options
Ans: (c)
405. The asha–grey soils of high–latitude coniferous forests a known as :
(a) Tundra soils
(b) Podsols
(c) Grey–Brown soils
(d) Red and Yellow soils
Ans: (b)
406. The remedies to soil erosion are :
I. Contour bunding
II. Regulation of land use III.Cutting of trees
IV. Allowing grazing of animals
(a) I, III (b) I, II
(c) III, IV (d) II, III
Ans: (b)
407. In which region is Terrace farming done?
(a) Dry regions
(b) Slope of hills
(c) Mountain tops
(d) Rooftops
Ans: (b)
408. Alluvial soils are rich soil for crop cultivation but are poor in
(a) humus
(b) nitrogen and humus
(c) organic material
(d) inorganic material
Ans: (b)
409. Bamboo is classified as
(a) Tree (b) Grass
(c) Shrub (d) Herb
Ans: (b)
410. The transfer of minerals from top soil to subsoil through soil-water is called?
(a) Percolation
(b) Conduction
(c) Leaching
(d) Transpiration
Ans: (c)
411. Black soil is also known by which of the following name ?
(a) Khadar Soil
(b) Bangar Soil
(c) Alluivial Soil
(d) Regur soil
Ans: (d)
412. Salination of soil is caused by
(a) pesticides
(b) soil erosion
(c) excess irrigation
(d) crop rotation
Ans: (c)
413. Which one of the following is the indirect use of forests ?
(a) Medicinal plants
(b) Checking soil erosion
(c) Building material
(d) Grazing
Ans: (b)
Part–VI Ecology and Bio-geography
414. In order to prevent the expansion of deserts, trees are planted in strips or blocks with the shortest trees on the desert side and tallest on the other side. Such plantation is called?
(a) shelter belts (b) agroforests
(c) wind breaks (d) social forests
Ans: (c)
415. The food chain refers to the transfer of energy from :
(a) the interior of the earth to the surface
(b) lower to higher latitudes
(c) one organism to another
(d) organisms of the land to those of the sea by means of river
Ans: (c)
416. The presence of a lion in the forest is essential in order to
(a) keep the trees safe from felling
(b) add beauty in the forests
(c) save the pastures from being overgrazed
(d) keep other carnivorous animals away
Ans: (c)
417. Which one is not a non-conventional energy source?
(a) Nuclear energy
(b) Solar Energy
(c) Wind energy
(d) Tidal power
Ans: (a)
418. The Montreal Protocol 1987 refers to
(a) saving the Bio-diversity of our planet
(b) signing of an accord on the peaceful uses of atmoic energy
(c) signing of an accord on keeping the antarctica as a nuclear free zone
(d) saving the ozone layer from destruction by reducting the use of CFCs
Ans: (d)
419. Trees are leafless for a shorter or longer season of the year in :
(a) Evergreen forest
(b) Mangrove forest
(c) Scrub jungle forest
(d) Deciduous forest
Ans: (d)
420. Snakes and vultures are eating rats in a field. If wild dogs are let into the field, what will be the immediate result ?
(a) Decrease in the number of snakes
(b) Decrease in the number of vultures
(c) Decrease in the number of rats
(d) Increase in the number of snakes.
Ans: (c)
421. Coastal Andhra Pradesh and Orissa often face natural disasters due to
(a) Cyclones (b) Earthquakes
(c) Landslides (d) Tornadoes
Ans: (a)
422. The main cause of global climatic change is
(a) increase in the content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
(b) emissions of industrial gases
(c) adding of dust
(d) changes in plant cover
Ans: (a)
423. The sphere of living matter together with water, air and soil on the surface of the earth is known as
(a) Lithosphere (b) Biosphere
(c) Hydrosphere (d) Atmosphere
Ans: (b)
424. ‘Green Accounting’ means measuring the National Income of the country taking into account estimation of
(a) the total forest area of the country
(b) the destruction of forest cover of the country
(c) pollution and environmental damage
(d) area of reclaimed fallow land
Ans: (c)
425. Which one of the following is an abiotic and renewable resource?
(a) iron ore (b) livestock
(c) water (d) forests
Ans: (c)
426. The largest ecosystem of the Earth is
(a) Biome (b)Hydrosphere
(c) Lithosphere (d) Biosphere
Ans: (a)
427. An artificial ecosystem is represented by :
(a) pisciculture tank
(b) agricultural land
(c) zoo
(d) aquarium
Ans: (d)
428. Which is the most stable ecosystem ?
(a) Desert (b) Ocean
(c) Mountain (d) Forest
Ans: (b)
429. An ecosystem consists of :
(a) producers, consumers and decomposers in a particular area.
(b) all the plants and animals of an area.
(c) a living community and its environment.
(d) carnivorous and herbivorous of an area
Ans: (c)
430. Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Carbon-di-Oxide
(d) Ozone
Ans: (c)
431. An ecological system is a
(a) Biological system
(b) Biogeochemical system
(c) Physicochemical system
(d) Bioecological system
Ans: (a)
432. In predation between
i. A lion and a deer
ii. A snake and a frog
iii. A lizard and an insect and
iv. An owl and a rat Which predator will have greater control over its prey?
(a) Lion (b) Owl
(c) Snake (d) Lizard
Ans: (c)
433. After which one of the following tribes of India, has a large continent of ancient geological history of the world been named?
(a) Santhals (b) Bhils
(c) Marias (d) Gonds
Ans: (d)
434. Evergreen rain forest is mainly found in regions having well distributed annual rainfall
(a) Below 50 cm
(b) 50-100 cm
(c) 100-200 cm
(d) More than 200 cm
Ans: (d)
435. Mangrove forests occur in
(a) high mountains
(b) snowy plains
(c) coastal swamps
(d) interior plateaus
Ans: (c)
436. To which natural vegetation belt do Sal and Teak trees belong ?
(a) Temperate forests
(b) Equatorial forests
(c) Tropical deciduous forests
(d) Mixed forests
Ans: (c)
437. The distribution of characteristic vegetation of a region is determined mainly by
(a) soil, water and temperature
(b) water, greenhouse effect and altitude
(c) wind, water and latitude
(d) sunlight, water and wind
Ans: (a)
438. What makes an ecosystem ?
(a) A living community and its environment
(b) All the plants and animals of an area
(c) Carnivores and herbivores of an area
(d) Producers, consumers and decomposers in a particular locality
Ans: (a)
439. Source of energy in ecosystem is
(a) Sun
(b) Green plants
(c) Sugar produced in photosynthesis
(d) ATP
Ans: (a)
440. The area reserved for the welfare of wild life is called :
(a) Sanctuary
(b) Forest
(c) National Park
(d) Botanical garden
Ans: (c)
441. There is a need to keep larger area under forests for :
(a) absorption of carbon dioxide
(b) protecting wildlife
(c) raising precipitation
(d) geological balance
Ans: (a)
442. Dumping of solid waste in lowlying areas earth cover is called as :
(a) Sanitary landfilling
(b) Open dumping
(c) Composting
(d) Incineration
Ans: (a)
443. The cause of loss of forest cover is
(a) Agriculture
(b) Building Industry
(c) Increasing population
(d) Toursim & pilgrimage
Ans: (c)
444. ‘Green House Effect’ means
(a) Pollution in houses in tropical regions
(b) Trapping of solar energy due to atmospheric oxygen
(c) Trapping of solar energy due to atmospheric carbon dioxide
(d) Cultivation in green houses so as to check pollution
Ans: (c)
445. A natural region has the similarity of
(a) climate and natural vegetation
(b) climate and occupation
(c) soil and drainage
(d) economic base and reces
Ans: (a)
446. Global warming is expected to result in
(a) Increase in level of sea
(b) Change in crop pattern
(c) Change in coastline
(d) All of the above
Ans: (d)
447. Man can maintain an ecological balance in the biosphere by
(a) deforestation
(b) developing new breeds of cultivated plants and domesticated animals
(c) using insecticides and pesticides
(d) understanding the delicate balance in the relative number of organisms
Ans: (d)
448. Which of the following exhibits unidirectional flow in an ecosystem ?
(a) Light (b) Energy
(c) Water (d) Biomass
Ans: (b)
449. Which of the following exhibits unidirectional flow in an ecosystem ?
(a) Light (b) Energy
(c) Water (d) Biomass
Ans: (b)
450. Rubber plantations are found in
(a) Temperate forests
(b) Mountain regions
(c) Polar regions
(d) Equatorial regions
Ans: (d)
451. “Tidal forest” is otherwise called :
(a) Evergreen forest
(b) Monsoon forest
(c) Mangrove forest
(d) Coniferous forest
Ans: (c)
452. All the ecosystems taken together in a geographical area form a bigger unit called:
(a) biosphere (b) territory
(c) biome (d) community
Ans: (c)
453. The word Biosphere refers to :
(a) Zone of soil, water and air around earth capable of supporting the flora and fauna.
(b) Part of earth surface which can support the flora
(c) Parts of air around earth a where life can exist
(d) Zone of water on earth which can support life.
Ans: (a)
454. Which of the following metals contribute to to biomagnification problem in the ecosystem ?
(a) Mercury (b) Chromium
(d) Copper (d) Lead
Ans: (a)
455. What is the percentage coverage of Tropical Forest on earth’s landmass ?
(a) 7 (b) 12
(c) 17 (d) 25
Ans: (a)
456. The fur of the animals living in colder regions
(a) protects them from water
(b) traps the air and keeps them warm
(c) protects them from enemies
(d) makes them appear beautiful
Ans: (b)
457. Which of the following phenomena is supposedly associated with global warming ?
(a) Southern Oscillations
(b) El Nino
(c) La Nino
(d) El Nino Modiki
Ans: (d)
458. Which of the following is a renewable resource ?
(a) Coal (b) Mineral oil
(c) Natural gas (d) Forests
Ans: (d)
459. Taiga means :
(a) Decidious forests
(b) Coniferous forests
(c) Grass lands
(d) Deserts
Ans: (b)
460. Virtually treeless, sparse vegetation is found in :
(a) Taiga (b) Alpine
(c) Tundra (d) Chapparal
Ans: (c)
461. Name the condition which influences the development of plants into distinctive forms.
(a) Climatic conditions
(b) Soil conditions
(c) Environmental conditions
(d) Social conditions
Ans: (a)
462. Species which has restricted distribution is called
(a) Eco species (b) Endemic
(c) Sympatric (d) Allopatric
Ans: (b)
463. The space retaining life in any form is called
(a) Biomass (b) Biosphere
(c) Lithosphere (d) Hydrosphere
Ans: (b)
464. Which of the following is a Biological method of soil conservations ?
(a) Contour farming
(b) Contour terracing
(c) Gully control
(d) Basin listing
Ans: (a)
465. With what bio-region is the term ‘‘Steppe’’ associated ?
(a) Grasslands
(b) Tropical forests
(c) Savanna
(d) Coniferous forests
Ans: (a)
466. Tropical rain forest is characterised by
(a) Absence of trees
(b) Least productivity
(c) Maximum biodiversity
(d) Minimum biodiversity
Ans: (c)
467. Natural sources of air pollution are
(a) Forest fires
(b) Volcanic eruptions
(c) Dust storm
(d) Smoke from burning dry leaves
Ans: (b)
468. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of ecosystem in the order of decreasing productivity?
(a) Oceans, mangroves, lakes, grassland
(b) Mangroves, oceans, grassland, lakes
(c) Oceans, lakes, grassland, mangroves
(d) Mangroves, grasslands, lakes, oceans
Ans: (d)
469. Vergreen type Forests are found in :
(a) Mediterranean region
(b) Monsoon climatic area
(c) Desert region
(d) Equatorial region
Ans: (d)
470. The maximum biodiversity is found in
(a) Tropical rain forests
(b) Temperate forests
(c) Coniferous forests
(d) Arctic forest
Ans: (a)
471. In _______ forests, trees shed their leaves in a particular season.
(a) evergreen (b) mangrove
(c) deciduous (d) thorny
Ans: (c)
472. Biosphere refers to
(a) the area of the land inhabited by living organism
(b) the part of ocean inhabited by plants and animals
(c) the portion of the earth, including the oceans, the land, the soil and the atmosphere inhabited by living organisms
(d) the atmosphere surrounding the living organisms
Ans: (c)
473. Which of the following phenomena is supposedly associated with global warming ?
(a) El Nino
(b) La Nina
(c) El Nino Modoki
(d) Southern Oscillation
Ans: (a)
Part-VII Miscellaneous
474. The one who is engaged in scientific drawing of maps is called
(a) Geographer
(b) Cartographer
(c) Meteorologist
(d) Geologist
Ans: (b)
475. The science of map-making is
(a) Cartography (b) Geography
(c) Carpology (d) Geology
Ans: (a)
476. Instrument used for measuring area on maps is called
(a) Planimeter (b) Eidograph
(c) Pantograph (d) Opisometer
Ans: (a)
477. The land of maximum biodiversity is
(a) Tropical (b) Temperate
(c) Monsoonal (d) Equatorial
Ans: (a)
478. Who coined the word ‘Geography’?
(a) Ptolemy (b)Eratosthenese
(c) Hacataus (d) Herodatus
Ans: (b)
479. The art and science of map making is called
(a) Remote Sensing
(b) Cartography
(c) Photogrammetry
(d) Mapping
Ans: (b)
480. Which one of the following organisations is responsible for publishing topographical sheets?
(a) Geological Survey of India
(G.S.I.)
(b) National Atlas & Thematic Mapping Organisation (N.A.
T.M.O.)
(c) Indian Meteorological Department (I.M.D.)
(d) Survey of India (S.O.I.)
Ans: (d)
481. What is the alternate name for contour lines ?
(a) Isopotential (b) Istherm
(c) Isohypse (d) Isohyet
Ans: (c)
482. Contours are imaginary lines showing
(a) places of equal atmospheric pressure
(b) same temperature areas
(c) places of equal altitudes
(d) equal sunshine areas
Ans: (c)
483. The imaginary lines joining places of same height at equal intervals are
(a) Hachures (b) Contours
(c) Spot-heights (d) Isomers
Ans: (b)
484. Imaginary lines joining places with same temperature are called
(a) Isobars (b) Isohyets
(c) Isohalines (d) Isotherms
Ans: (d)
485. What is meant by the term “midnight sun” ?
(a) Twilight
(b) Rising Sun
(c) Very bright moon
(d) Sun shining in the polar circle for long time
Ans: (d)
486. The well through which water comes out through hydraulic pressure is called
(a) Ordinary well
(b) Tube well
(c) Deep tube well
(d) Artesian well
Ans: (d)
487. Maps on large scale, representing both natural and man-made features are called
(a) Wall maps
(b) Topographic maps
(c) Thematic maps
(d) Atlas maps
Ans: (b)
488. Contour line is the imaginary line joining places of equal :
(a) Rainfall (b) Humidity
(c) Elevation (d) Temperature
Ans: (c)
489. The primary goal of planning for disasters is to reduce
(a) Death (b) Damage
(c) Risk (d) Vulnerability
Ans: (d)